Langer, 47, played 105 Tests for Australia and scored 7696 runs at 45.27 with 23 centuries.
"It is humbling to be appointed as coach of the Australian men’s cricket team,” said Langer. “I would like to thank the Western Australian Cricket Association and the Perth Scorchers for their support over the past six seasons, and for giving me the opportunity to lead and work with two great teams and many exceptional people.