Buttler, who represents Lancashire and will be playing the fifth Test at his home ground at Old Trafford, had missed the fourth Test due to the birth of his second child.
England lost the fourth Test by 157 runs as India took a 2-1 lead in the five-Test series. England need to win the final Test to level the series now.
England Squad for Fifth Test
Joe Root (captain), Moeen Ali, James Anderson, Jonathan Bairstow, Rory Burns, Jos Buttler, Sam Curran, Haseeb Hameed, Dan Lawrence, Jack Leach, Dawid Malan, Craig Overton, Ollie Pope, Ollie Robinson, Chris Woakes, Mark Wood.
